In this paper, the problem of pilot beam pattern design for channelestimation in massive multiple-input multiple-output systems with a largenumber of transmit antennas at the base station is considered, and a newalgorithm for pilot beam pattern design for optimal channel estimation isproposed under the assumption that the channel is a stationary Gauss-Markovrandom process. The proposed algorithm designs the pilot beam patternsequentially by exploiting the properties of Kalman filtering and theassociated prediction error covariance matrices and also the channel statisticssuch as spatial and temporal channel correlation. The resulting designgenerates a sequentially-optimal sequence of pilot beam patterns with lowcomplexity for a given set of system parameters. Numerical results show theeffectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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